Spherical Imaging Device

“Ricoh Theta”是世界上第一个*球面成像装置，可以用单次拍摄封装摄影师的全球形图像。该器件是RICOH原始光学技术和图像处理技术的融合。
*As a mass-produced consumer product capable of capturing all the space surrounding the photographer beyond horizontal or a semi celestial sphere, with one-shot. (Based on Ricoh research)

一个独特的成像设备，为您提供新的成像体验

Ricoh开发了球形成像装置“Ricoh Theta”（图1），可以轻松地采用一个完全球形的图像，单个快门释放，旨在用球形图像创建新的图像文化，以前从未见过的东西。

图。图1 RICOH THETA的外观（两张脸）

直到现在,to photograph fully spherical images, many shots had to be captured with different angles of view for later synthesis by dedicated software, or a large camera equipped with many image sensors was required. This was not easy for general users.

为了简化这种摄影，Ricoh构思，开发和设计了一种特殊的设备，专注于便携性和可操作性，并遵守概念“随时便携”，“准备拍摄每时每刻”和“离开现场”。然后，我们将薄型的紧凑型体成像装置商业化，可以使用一拍的单次拍摄球面图像（图2）。这些包括光学技术，图像处理技术，软件技能和网络基础设施技术。

图2由Ricoh Theta拍摄的球形图像

光学技术使能紧凑型器件

通过在设备上以四个方向（左，右侧，上下）拍摄的球形图像，在设备上以四个方向拍摄，具有两个超宽角度镜头（鱼眼镜镜头），位于Ricoh Theta主体的两个面上。如图。图3示出，拐点光学系统对称定位，并且在各个拐点光学系统中，来自超广角镜头的入射光被棱镜镜，成角度为90度，并由图像传感器接收（CMOS传感器）。因此，合成有两个图像传感器获得的两个图像以产生完整的球形图像。

图3对称定位的拐点光学系统

In RICOH THETA, we placed the prism inside the respective optical system; by bonding both prisms together, we substantially reduced the parallax influence between two points of observation (lens on both faces), which enabled the creation of a very compact device. This is a uniquely developed micro twin-lens inflection optical system.

肢体的分辨率也需要注意。随着数码相机的常规镜头，中央分辨率最为重要。然而，利用RicoHθ，因为通过向两个图像产生球形图像，所以在用户最终看到的图像上没有区别在图像上或肢体之间。肢体和中心调用相同的分辨率。

Ricoh achieved an optical system that shows no image deterioration over the entire image by changing magnification of the image limb. Ricoh's optical techniques made possible an ultra-wide-angle lens of more than 180 degrees with equivalent resolution over the entire image, further making the fixing of these two ultra-wide-angle lenses possible without position displacement.

Beyond that, the lenses are processed so as to minimize the risk of lens cracking or staining.

Image processing technology to generate a spherical image in real time

球面成像装置中的图像处理流如图4所示。4。

首先，使用从两个图像传感器获得的图像数据执行基本图像处理。这里，除了基本上用常用的数码相机完成的图像处理之外，还执行处理以获得从两个图像传感器的亮度和阴影中的图像大多等于亮度和阴影。具体地，通过全面地判断从两个图像数据检测到的亮度，对各个图像传感器的灵敏度的差异进行调整，并且对两个图像传感器中的每一个控制曝光。

Fig. 4 Image processing flows

然后执行两个图像的接合图像处理。首先，在两个图像中的每一个中，通过针对各个区域的模式匹配处理来计算位移量，以便以各个区域进行模式匹配处理，以便检测连接点，如图5所示。然后，两个图像分别转换成球形图像格式，考虑检测到的接头和相应光学系统的镜头性能。最后，将球形图像格式中的两个图像混合以产生一个球形图像。因此，通过模式匹配处理检测连接点并将它们反射到球面图像格式的图像转换参数使得可以实时地联合两个图像。

Fig. 5 Image jointing process

Spherical images use equidistant cylindrical projections, and the position of respective pixels correspond to the spherical superficial coordinates. Taking the earth as an example, the earth's surface is imaged two-dimensionally, setting the latitude and longitude as the two axes.

The user can browse the spherical image with a dedicated application while varying observing points by moving the image vertically and horizontally or enlarging/shrinking the image, with the finger. In the processing of the application, mapping of the spherical image as a texture on the surface of a spherical object is performed, and by specifying the direction and the angle of view, a view (Fig. 2) as if a spherical image were pasted on the spherical surface is displayed.

Bring innovation to the imaging experience!

Images are being produced using RICOH THETA that were heretofore unseen in the world. These images are transmitted from the user and shared around the world through the Web and SNS. Thus begins a new image culture.

Ricoh will continue to create and provide our customers with products that impart innovation to the imaging experience, making full use of techniques cultivated by Ricoh.

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